In computer networks, a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource, available from a different server. The proxy server evaluates the request according to its filtering rules. For example, it may filter traffic by IP address or protocol. If the request is validated by the filter, the proxy provides the resource by connecting to the relevant server and requesting the service on behalf of the client. A proxy server may optionally alter the client’s request or the server’s response, and sometimes it may serve the request without contacting the specified server. In this case, it ‘caches’ responses from the remote server, and returns subsequent requests for the same content directly.
Most proxies are a web proxy, allowing access to content on the World Wide Web.
A proxy server has a large variety of potential purposes, including:
To keep machines behind it anonymous (mainly for security).
To speed up access to resources (using caching). Web proxies are commonly used to cache web pages from a web server:
– To apply access policy to network services or content, e.g. to block undesired sites.
– To log / audit usage, i.e. to provide company employee Internet usage reporting.
– To bypass security/ parental controls.
– To scan transmitted content for malware before delivery.
– To scan outbound content, e.g., for data leak protection.
– To circumvent regional restrictions.
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